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Montenegrin (''crnogorski'' / црногорски) is the standardized variety of the Serbo-Croatian language used by Montenegrins and the official language of Montenegro. Standard Montenegrin is based on the most widespread dialect of Serbo-Croatian, Shtokavian, more specifically on Eastern Herzegovinian, which is also the basis of Standard Croatian, Serbian, and Bosnian.〔(Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian, Or Montenegrin? Or Just 'Our Language'? ), ''Radio Free Europe'', February 21, 2009〕 Montenegro's language has historically and traditionally been called Serbian.〔cf. Roland Sussex, Paul Cubberly, ''The Slavic Languages'', Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2006; esp. v. pp. 73: "Serbia had used Serbian as an official language since 1814, and Montenegro even earlier.".〕 The idea of a Montenegrin standard language separate from Serbian appeared in the 2000s after Serbia and Montenegro broke up, via proponents of Montenegrin independence. Montenegrin became the official language of Montenegro with the ratification of a new constitution on 22 October 2007. The Montenegrin standard is still emerging. Its orthography was established on 10 July 2009 with the addition of two letters to the alphabet, though the grammar and a school curriculum are yet to be approved. == Language standardization == In January 2008, the government of Montenegro formed the Council for the Codification of the Montenegrin Language, which aims to standardize the Montenegrin language according to international norms. Proceeding documents will, after verification, become a part of the educational programme in Montenegrin schools. The first Montenegrin standard was officially proposed in July 2009. In addition to the Serbo-Croatian standard, the proposal introduced two additional letters, and , to replace the digraphs and .〔 The Ministry of Education has accepted neither of the two drafts by the Council for the Standardization of the Montenegrin language, but instead adopted an alternate third one which was not a part of their work. The Council has criticized this act, saying it comes from "a small group" and that it contains an abundance of "methodological, conceptual and linguistic errors".〔()〕 On 21 June 2010, the Council for General Education adopts the first ''Montenegrin Grammar''. So far only the website of the Montenegrin Parliament uses the letters and . The websites of the Montenegrin President〔() 〕 and Montenegrin Government still use the old orthography. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Montenegrin language」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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